| Yan Gamarnik Ян Гамарник |
|
|---|---|
| Leader of Kiev Bolsheviks | |
| In office 1917–1918 |
|
| Mayor of Kiev | |
| In office February 1920 – 1923 |
|
| President | Grigory Petrovsky |
| Preceded by | Ipolit Dyakov |
| Succeeded by | Hryhoriy Hrynko |
| Chairman of Kiev Governorate | |
| In office February 1920 – 1923 |
|
| President | Grigory Petrovsky |
| Preceded by | Oleksandr Shumsky[1] |
| Succeeded by | Hryhoriy Hrynko |
| Leader of Odessa Bolsheviks | |
| In office 1919–1920 |
|
| Chairman of Far-East Revkom | |
| In office 1923 – January 4, 1926 |
|
| President | Mikhail Kalinin |
| Preceded by | Nikolay Matveyev as the president of the Far-East Republic |
| Succeeded by | himself as the chairman of Far-East Krai |
| Chairman of Far-East Krai | |
| In office January 4, 1926 – 1927 |
|
| President | Mikhail Kalinin |
| Preceded by | himself as the chairman of Far-East Revkom |
| Succeeded by | Sergei Chutskayev |
| Chief of Red Army Politcontrol | |
| In office October 1, 1929 – May 31, 1937 |
|
| President | Kliment Voroshilov |
| Preceded by | Andrei Bubnov |
| Succeeded by | Pyotr Smirnov |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Jankel Borysovych Pukhdykovych June 2, 1894 Zhytomyr, Volhynian Governorate, Russian Empire |
| Died | May 31, 1937 (aged 42) Moscow, Soviet Union |
| Nationality | Jewish |
| Political party | CPSU (1916-) CP(b)U (1918-) |
| Spouse(s) | ? |
| Children | Viktoria Kochneva |
| Alma mater | St Petersburg Psychoneurological Institute |
| Occupation | military leader, revolutionary, politician |
Jankel Borysovych Pukhdykovych (Ukrainian: Я́нкев Бори́сович Пудико́вич), better known as Jan Gamarnik or Yakov Gamarnik (Russian: Яков Гамарник June 2 [O.S. May 21] 1894– 1937) was a Soviet politician of Jewish ethnicity.
Gamarnik was born in Zhytomyr in a Jewish family as Jankel Borysovych Pukhdykovych. He attended the St Petersburg Psychoneurological Institute and the Law School of Kiev University. In 1917 he became the member and a secretary of the Kiev committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. From 1921 to 1923 Harmanyk was a chairman of the Kiev city council (see Mayor of Kiev). During his administration Kiev was divided into five districts. He went through many Communist Party positions, both civil and military, e.g. a First Secretary of the Belarusian Communist Party of Belorussia from December 1928 to October 1929.[2]
He was instrumental in preparing the 10-year development plan for the Far-Eastern region of the USSR.
A fanatic Bolshevik, Gamarnik was a staunch supporter of Marshal Tukhachevsky's drive to make USSR a military superpower. In 1937 Gamarnik was accused of participating in an anti-Soviet conspiracy after the Case of Trotskyist Anti-Soviet Military Organization; however, shortly before the trial he had actually been called upon by the Soviet government to be one of the judges for the accused. He insisted on Tukhachevsky's innocence and later killed himself before he could be punished for his actions. Only after this was he added to the list of conspirators. He was rehabilitated posthumously by the CC CPSU and Nikita Khrushchev in 1955.
| Political offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Ipolit Dyakov |
Mayor of Kiev 1921–1923 |
Succeeded by Hryhoriy Hrynko |
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||